polution and its effect on exercise. egg yolk: good or bad: health tip for first jan 2018

Pollution: may nullify exercise benefits:[1]

üBenefits of exercise:  boost memory, promote gut health, protect against heart disease etc

üResearchers from Imperial College London and Duke University in Durham found even a short exposure(2hrs) to air pollution can neutralize benefits of exercise

üThey measured lung capacity, blood flow pressure, arterial stiffness etc. to evaluate the benefits

üThese effects were compared between two groups older people taking 2hrs of walk, One by a busy street and other in a quiet park.

üResults say, people exercising in less polluted environment received significantly higher health benefits where as polluted environment did not result in any significant benefit over non exercising people

üThis finding is supported by many studies[2][3] while contradicted by few[4]

Egg yolk: how good and bad to eat:

üEgg including both egg white and yolk makes a right balance of protein, fat & calories

üBut egg has been judged poorly since its yolk contains high amount of cholesterol(200mg per egg)

üRecent large scale studies and their reviews suggest that daily intake of 1 egg does not result in increase in CHD rather reduces risk of stroke.[5][6]

üFew other studies have emphasized that consumption of around 7 eegs a wk is safe for normal people while in established patients of CVD or T2D its recommended with a healthy lifestyle.[7]

üBut few studies have found association of higher egg consumption(>1/d) and diseases like T2D,CVD etc.[8][9]

üSo having 5-10 whole eggs eggs a wk appears to be more beneficial than harmful.

Health tip:[10]

•Exercise have a positive impact on cognitive functions

•aerobic exercise, resistance training, multicomponent training and tai chi, all had significant impact on cognition.

•A large scale meta-analysis have shown that, around 45-60 min moderate intensity exercise have good cognitive outcome both in normal and dementia patients.

References:

1.       Sinharay R, Gong J, Barratt B, Ohman-Strickland P, Ernst S, Kelly F et al. Respiratory and cardiovascular responses to walking down a traffic-polluted road compared with walking in a traffic-free area in participants aged 60 years and older with chronic lung or heart disease and age-matched healthy controls: a randomised, crossover study. The Lancet. 2017

2.       An R, Zhang S, Ji M, Guan C. Impact of ambient air pollution on physical activity among adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Perspectives in Public Health. 2017;:175791391772656.

3.       Li F, Liu Y, Lü J, Liang L, Harmer P. Ambient air pollution in China poses a multifaceted health threat to outdoor physical activity. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health. 2014;69(3):201-204.

4.       Tainio M, de Nazelle A, Gotschi T, Rojas-Rueda D, Kahlmeier S, Nieuwenhuijsen M et al. Can Air Pollution Negate the Health Benefits of Cycling and Walking? Journal of Transport & Health. 2016;3(2):S54.

5.       Alexander D, Miller P, Vargas A, Weed D, Cohen S. Meta-analysis of Egg Consumption and Risk of Coronary Heart Disease and Stroke. Journal of the American College of Nutrition. 2016;35(8):704-716.

6.       Rong Y, Chen L, Zhu T, Song Y, Yu M, Shan Z et al. Egg consumption and risk of coronary heart disease and stroke: dose-response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. BMJ. 2013;346(jan07 2):e8539-e8539.

7.       Geiker N, Larsen M, Dyerberg J, Stender S, Astrup A. Egg consumption, cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 2017;.

8.       Djousse L, Khawaja O, Gaziano J. Egg consumption and risk of type 2 diabetes: a meta-analysis of prospective studies. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 2016;103(2):474-480.

9.       Khawaja O, Singh H, Luni F, Kabour A, Ali S, Taleb M et al. Egg Consumption and Incidence of Heart Failure: A Meta-Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies. Frontiers in Nutrition. 2017;4.

10.   Northey J, Cherbuin N, Pumpa K, Smee D, Rattray B. Exercise interventions for cognitive function in adults older than 50: a systematic review with meta-analysis. British Journal of Sports Medicine. 2017;:bjsports-2016-096587.